Calendula, a vibrant and hardy flowering plant, is well-suited for Alaska’s unique climate. Known for its bright orange and yellow blooms, calendula (Calendula officinalis) not only adds color to gardens but also offers various medicinal and culinary benefits. Growing calendula in Alaska requires careful planning due to the region’s short growing season and varying weather conditions. This article will provide detailed guidance on how to successfully cultivate calendula in the Last Frontier.
Calendula, commonly referred to as pot marigold, belongs to the Asteraceae family. This annual or perennial herb thrives in cooler climates and is often used in traditional medicine and cooking. The flowers have anti-inflammatory properties and can be made into ointments or teas. Additionally, they are edible and can be used as garnishes or flavor enhancers in salads and dishes.
When selecting calendula for your Alaska garden, consider the different varieties available. Some of the best varieties for colder climates include:
Select varieties that are known for their adaptability to cool temperatures and shorter days.
Calendula thrives in well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. Aim for a soil pH between 6.0 and 7.0. You can improve soil quality by adding compost or well-rotted manure before planting. Good drainage is crucial to prevent root rot, especially in areas where heavy rains are common.
Calendula prefers full sun but can tolerate partial shade, especially during the hottest parts of summer. In Alaska, where daylight hours can extend significantly during the growing season, it’s essential to monitor sunlight exposure to ensure your plants receive adequate light without becoming leggy.
While calendula is generally frost-tolerant, it thrives best at temperatures between 60°F and 70°F (15°C – 21°C). In Alaska’s cooler climate, it’s important to plant calendula at the right time to avoid frost damage.
In Alaska, it is best to start calendula seeds indoors about 6-8 weeks before the last expected frost date. Transplant seedlings outdoors once the threat of frost has passed and soil temperatures reach about 50°F (10°C). This timing typically falls around late May to early June.
You can also sow seeds directly into the garden after the last frost date. For continuous blooms throughout summer, consider staggering your plantings every few weeks until mid-summer.
Seed Preparation: If you’re using seeds from a previous season or a local supplier, ensure they are viable by checking their harvest date.
Seed Sowing Indoors: Use seed trays or small pots filled with seed-starting mix. Plant seeds about ¼ inch deep and keep them moist but not overly wet.
Transplanting Outdoors: Once seedlings have developed two sets of true leaves and outdoor conditions are suitable, transplant them into prepared garden beds with spacing of about 12 inches apart to allow for adequate air circulation.
Direct Sowing: If direct sowing outside, scatter seeds on prepared soil and lightly rake them into the earth before watering gently.
Calendula prefers consistently moist soil without becoming waterlogged. Water your plants regularly during dry spells, ensuring deep watering rather than frequent shallow watering, as this encourages strong root development.
Although calendula isn’t particularly demanding when it comes to nutrients, an application of balanced fertilizer in spring can encourage healthy growth and prolific blooming. Organic fertilizers such as fish emulsion or compost tea work well while being gentle on the plants.
In Alaska’s remote gardens, pests may be less of an issue; however, monitoring for aphids and slugs is important. Use natural pest control methods when possible, such as introducing beneficial insects like ladybugs or using neem oil sprays if infestations occur.
Regular weeding is essential, especially early in the growing season when young calendula plants may struggle against competition from weeds. Hand-pulling weeds around your calendula helps prevent root disturbance while keeping your garden tidy.
Once your calendula plants start blooming—typically around 6-8 weeks after planting—you can begin harvesting flowers. Pick blooms in the morning after the dew has dried but before they fully open for maximum freshness. Use clean scissors or shears to cut flowers at their base.
Culinary Uses: The petals can be added fresh to salads or used as a garnish for soups and dishes.
Medicinal Preparations: Dried flowers can be brewed into tea or made into infused oils and salves that harness their healing properties.
Preserving Flowers: To preserve flowers for later use, dry them in a cool dark place away from direct sunlight until crisp.
Growing calendula in Alaska can come with challenges due to unpredictable weather conditions like heavy rain or sudden frosts:
Protection from Frost: Consider using row covers or cloches if unexpected cold snaps threaten your plants.
Managing Rain: If heavy rains threaten your garden’s drainage capabilities, raised beds can help improve drainage while allowing roots plenty of oxygen.
With its bright colors and versatility, calendula can be a beautiful addition to any Alaskan garden while also providing culinary and medicinal benefits. By understanding its growing requirements—such as soil type, sunlight exposure, watering needs, and timing—you can cultivate this hardy flower successfully even in challenging conditions. With patience and proper care, you will enjoy a bountiful harvest of vibrant blossoms all summer long! Happy gardening!