Chokecherries (Prunus virginiana) are not only a native fruit-bearing shrub found across North America, but they also thrive in the diverse climate of Missouri. With their ability to adapt to various soil types and climates, chokecherries can be a rewarding addition to your garden or landscape. This article will cover everything you need to know about growing chokecherries in Missouri, from selecting the right spot to harvesting your fruit.
Chokecherries are small fruit-bearing trees or shrubs that can reach heights of 15-30 feet. The berries are typically dark purple or black when ripe and are known for their astringent taste when eaten raw. However, they are highly valued for making jams, jellies, and wines due to their high pectin content. Additionally, chokecherries provide important wildlife habitat and food sources for birds and other animals.
Chokecherries flourish in full sun but can tolerate partial shade. To ensure maximum fruit production, choose a location that receives at least 6 hours of direct sunlight each day.
Chokecherries prefer well-drained soil rich in organic matter but can adapt to other soil types, including clay and sandy soils. A slightly acidic to neutral pH (between 6.0 and 7.0) is ideal for optimal growth.
When planting chokecherries, consider their mature size. Space them at least 10-15 feet apart if you’re planting multiple specimens to allow adequate room for growth.
The best time to plant chokecherries in Missouri is during early spring (March-April) or late fall (October-November). This timing allows the plants to establish roots before facing the stress of summer heat or winter cold.
Prepare the Soil: Clear the area of weeds and debris. Amend the soil with compost or well-rotted manure to improve fertility and drainage.
Digging the Hole: Dig a hole that is twice as wide and as deep as the root ball of your chokecherry plant.
Planting: Gently remove the plant from its container and place it into the hole, ensuring that the top of the root ball is level with the surrounding soil surface.
Backfill: Fill the hole with soil while gently packing it down around the roots to eliminate air pockets.
Watering: Water thoroughly after planting to settle the soil around the roots. Continue watering regularly, especially during dry spells.
Chokecherries require consistent moisture during their first couple of years of growth. Once established, they are relatively drought-tolerant but will benefit from regular watering during prolonged dry periods.
In general, chokecherries do not require heavy fertilization. A balanced slow-release fertilizer applied in early spring can support healthy growth. Be cautious not to over-fertilize, as this can lead to excessive leaf growth at the expense of fruit production.
Pruning is essential for maintaining healthy chokecherry plants and encouraging fruit production:
Chokecherries are generally resistant to many pests and diseases; however, they can sometimes be affected by aphids, cherry fruit flies, and fungal diseases such as leaf spot:
Chokecherries typically ripen in late summer through early fall (August-September). The berries will change from green to a deep purple or black color when fully ripe.
To harvest choking cherries:
Chokecherries are versatile and can be used in numerous recipes:
Growing chokecherries in Missouri is an easy-to-manage endeavor that provides ecological benefits while offering delicious fruit for culinary uses. By choosing suitable locations for planting, providing proper care throughout their growth stages, and enjoying their bountiful harvests, you can cultivate these unique shrubs successfully in your garden or landscape. With patience and dedication, you’ll find that growing chokecherries not only enhances your gardening experience but also enriches your table with delightful homemade treats all year round!