How to Grow Dichondra in Hawaii

Dichondra, often known for its lush, green ground cover and its ability to thrive in various environments, is an excellent choice for landscaping in Hawaii. With the state’s tropical climate and rich soil, growing Dichondra can help create a beautiful and functional garden. This article will guide you through everything you need to know about growing Dichondra in Hawaii, from choosing the right variety to care tips.

Understanding Dichondra

Dichondra is a perennial vine that belongs to the Convolvulaceae family. Its most common variety, Dichondra repens, features small, kidney-shaped leaves that create a dense mat of greenery. This plant is particularly popular for ground cover due to its low growth habit and adaptability to different soil conditions.

Benefits of Growing Dichondra

1. Aesthetic Appeal: The vibrant green leaves provide a lush appearance, making it an attractive option for lawns and garden beds.
2. Low Maintenance: Once established, Dichondra requires minimal care compared to traditional grass lawns.
3. Drought Tolerance: This plant is relatively drought-resistant, making it suitable for Hawaii’s varying rainfall patterns.
4. Soil Erosion Control: Its extensive root system helps prevent soil erosion on sloped areas.

Choosing the Right Variety

While Dichondra repens is the most widely used variety, there are other types worth considering based on your landscape needs:

• Emerald Falls: This variety has a vibrant color and can tolerate moderate foot traffic.
• Silver Falls: Known for its silvery-green foliage, this type can add unique visual interest to your garden.

Before planting, assess your specific needs, including sun exposure, foot traffic levels, and aesthetic preferences.

Preparing the Soil

Soil Quality

Dichondra thrives in well-drained soils rich in organic matter. Before planting, conduct a soil test to determine pH levels and nutrient content. Ideally, the pH should be between 6.0 and 7.0.

Amending the Soil

If your soil lacks nutrients or is too sandy or clay-heavy, consider amending it with organic compost or well-rotted manure. This will enhance drainage and provide essential nutrients for growth.

Tilling

Till the soil to a depth of at least 6 inches. This aerates it and allows better root penetration for Dichondra. Remove any weeds or debris during this process.

Planting Dichondra

When to Plant

The best time to plant Dichondra in Hawaii is during the warm months between March and September when temperatures are consistently above 60°F (15°C). Avoid planting during periods of heavy rainfall as this can hinder establishment.

Planting Techniques

1. Seed Sowing:
2. Scatter seeds evenly across the prepared soil.
3. Lightly rake over the area to ensure good seed-to-soil contact.

4. Water thoroughly after sowing.

5. Transplanting:

6. If using nursery-grown plants or plugs, space them about 12 inches apart.
7. Dig holes that are slightly larger than the root ball.
8. Place each plant in its hole and backfill with soil before watering gently.

Watering Requirements

Dichondra requires consistent moisture during its establishment phase. Watering deeply once or twice a week is usually sufficient unless there’s significant rainfall. Once established, this plant can tolerate short periods of drought but will perform best with regular watering, especially during hotter months.

Signs of Underwatering or Overwatering

• Underwatering: Leaves may curl or turn brown at the edges.
• Overwatering: Yellowing leaves and root rot can occur if the soil remains too wet.

Fertilizing Dichondra

Although Dichondra is relatively low-maintenance, fertilizing once or twice a year can encourage healthy growth:

1. Type of Fertilizer: Use a balanced fertilizer with an N-P-K ratio of 10-10-10 or similar.
2. Application Time: Apply fertilizer in early spring and late summer for optimal growth.
3. Method: Follow package instructions for application rates but generally aim for about 1 pound per 100 square feet.

Pest and Disease Management

Common Pests

Though not overly susceptible to pests, Dichondra may face threats from:

• Aphids: Small insects that can cause leaf curling.
• Spider Mites: Tiny pests that thrive in dry conditions and cause stippling on leaves.

To manage these pests:

• Encourage natural predators like ladybugs.
• Use insecticidal soap if infestations occur.

Common Diseases

1. Fungal Diseases: Root rot caused by overly wet soils is common; ensure proper drainage.
2. Powdery Mildew: Occurs in shady areas; increase air circulation or relocate plants if necessary.

Mowing and Maintenance

Although Dichondra does not require regular mowing like traditional grass lawns, trimming may be necessary if it grows too tall:

• Use a mower set high (around 3 inches) to maintain density without damaging the plants.
• Mow once every few months during peak growing seasons.

Seasonal Care Tips

1. Winter Care: In cooler months, reduce watering to prevent stress on the plants due to colder temperatures.
2. Summer Care: During peak heat periods, ensure adequate water supply to keep the foliage lush.

Conclusion

Growing Dichondra in Hawaii offers numerous benefits ranging from aesthetic appeal to practical maintenance advantages. By selecting the right variety and following proper planting and care methods outlined above, you can create a stunning landscape that thrives in Hawaii’s unique climate conditions. With minimal upkeep once established, your Dichondra will provide lush greenery that enhances your outdoor space for years to come.