Kohlrabi, a member of the Brassica family, is a versatile and nutritious vegetable that is becoming increasingly popular among home gardeners in New Jersey. Known for its unique bulbous shape and mild, slightly sweet flavor, kohlrabi can be enjoyed raw, cooked, or pickled. With its fast growth cycle and adaptability, it’s an ideal crop for both novice and experienced gardeners. In this article, we will explore the essential steps to successfully grow kohlrabi in the Garden State.
Before diving into the specifics of planting kohlrabi, it’s essential to understand what this vegetable is. Kohlrabi, scientifically known as Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes, has a swollen stem that grows above ground, which is the edible part of the plant. It can come in several colors, including green and purple. The leaves are also edible and can be used similarly to collard greens or kale.
Kohlrabi thrives in cooler temperatures and can be grown as both a spring and fall crop in New Jersey’s climate.
When selecting kohlrabi seeds, you’ll find various cultivars suited for different growing conditions. Some popular varieties include:
For home gardeners in New Jersey, ‘White Vienna’ is often recommended due to its adaptability and ease of growth.
Kohlrabi prefers cool weather, thriving best in temperatures between 50°F to 70°F. Since New Jersey experiences all four seasons, you can easily time your planting to take advantage of these cooler temperatures.
Kohlrabi grows best in well-draining soil enriched with organic matter. The ideal soil types include:
A soil pH level between 6.0 and 7.0 is optimal for kohlrabi growth. Conducting a soil test before planting can help determine nutrient levels and pH balance.
Kohlrabi requires full sun exposure for optimal growth. Aim for at least 6 hours of direct sunlight each day. If you have a shaded garden area, consider using reflective surfaces or strategic planting to maximize sunlight exposure.
The timing of your planting will depend on whether you’re looking to grow kohlrabi in spring or fall.
For a spring harvest, start seeds indoors about 4-6 weeks before the last frost date (usually around mid-April in New Jersey). Transplant seedlings outdoors when they are about 3-4 inches tall and after any risk of frost has passed.
To grow kohlrabi for fall harvest, sow seeds directly outdoors from mid-July to early August. This timing allows the plants to mature during cooler temperatures as summer transitions into fall.
If you’re starting seeds indoors:
For direct sowing outdoors:
Kohlrabi requires consistent moisture throughout its growing period to develop properly but should not be overwatered as this can lead to root rot. Aim for about an inch of water per week, either through rainfall or irrigation.
Using a balanced fertilizer can promote healthy growth. Generally, an application of a nitrogen-rich fertilizer during planting can support robust foliage development. Additionally, consider side-dressing with compost or organic fertilizers every few weeks during the growing season.
Kohlrabi may attract pests such as aphids, cabbage moths, and flea beetles. Regularly inspect your plants for signs of infestation:
Harvest kohlrabi when the bulbs are about 3-4 inches in diameter; this typically occurs about 60 days after sowing seeds. At this size, they will be tender and flavorful:
If left too long in the ground, kohlrabi can become woody and tough.
Store harvested kohlrabi in a cool place such as your refrigerator’s vegetable drawer. Wrap them loosely in plastic bags; they can stay fresh for up to two weeks if kept properly.
Growing kohlrabi in New Jersey is an excellent way to diversify your home garden while reaping the benefits of nutritious home-grown produce. By understanding its growing requirements—from climate considerations to pest control—you can successfully cultivate this unique vegetable year-round. Whether you opt for spring or fall planting, with the right care and attention, you’ll soon enjoy the crisp texture and mild flavor of freshly harvested kohlrabi straight from your garden!