Medlar (Mespilus germanica) is an ancient fruit-bearing tree that has been cultivated since the Roman era. With its unique flavor and easy-to-manage growth requirements, medlar is becoming increasingly popular among home gardeners and small-scale farmers in regions like Maine. This guide will provide you with all the information you need to successfully grow medlar in Maine’s distinct climate.
Before jumping into how to grow medlar, it’s essential to understand what this fruit is. Medlar trees are deciduous, typically growing 15 to 20 feet tall. They produce small, apple-like fruits that are brownish-gold when ripe. The fruit has a unique taste that can be described as a blend of apple and pear, with a hint of spiciness.
Medlar is hardy in USDA zones 5-8, making it suitable for most of Maine, particularly in southern regions. The tree is resilient against diseases and pests, making it an excellent choice for organic gardening.
Selecting the right location for your medlar tree is crucial. Medlars prefer well-draining soil and full sun exposure. While they can tolerate partial shade, they will yield more fruit in sunnier conditions.
Medlar trees thrive in slightly acidic to neutral soil (pH 6.0 to 7.0). Before planting, test your soil using a pH kit available at garden centers or online. If necessary, amend the soil with lime to raise pH or sulfur to lower it.
Good drainage is key; heavy clay soils can lead to root rot. If your site has poor drainage, consider planting on a raised bed or mound.
The best time to plant medlar trees in Maine is during early spring after the last frost or in the fall before the ground freezes. Planting during these times allows the tree to establish roots before the harsher weather sets in.
When planting your medlar tree, ensure that there’s adequate space for growth. Trees should be spaced at least 15 feet apart to allow for their spread and prevent overcrowding.
Dig a hole that is twice as wide and just as deep as the root ball of your sapling. Place the tree in the hole, ensuring that it sits at the same depth as it was in the nursery pot. Backfill with soil and water thoroughly to eliminate air pockets.
Once planted, young medlar trees require consistent moisture to establish strong roots. Water them regularly during dry spells, but ensure not to overwater since medlars do not like soggy conditions. Typically, one deep watering per week is sufficient.
Medlar trees are relatively low-maintenance regarding fertilization. However, you can apply a balanced fertilizer (10-10-10) in early spring before new growth begins. Consider conducting a soil test every few years to determine nutrient levels and make adjustments accordingly.
Pruning is essential for maintaining healthy growth and maximizing fruit production. Young trees should be pruned annually during late winter or early spring before new growth starts.
While medlar trees are generally resilient against pests and diseases, keeping an eye out for common issues can help maintain tree health.
Medlars are susceptible to few diseases; however, watch out for:
Regular inspections and good cultural practices will keep your medlar healthy.
One of the most exciting aspects of growing medlar is harvesting its unique fruit. However, harvesting requires some patience as medlars do not ripen on the tree like most fruits.
Medlar fruits are typically ready for harvest from late August through September in Maine. They will change from green to brownish-gold as they ripen but should not be eaten immediately after picking. Fruits must undergo a process called “bletting,” where they soften even further after harvest—similar to how persimmons mature.
Gently twist or cut the fruit from the stem without damaging surrounding buds or branches. Place them in a cool area for a few days until they become soft enough to eat.
The flavor of ripe medlar fruit lends itself well to various culinary applications:
Experimenting with this forgotten fruit could lead you to discover new favorite recipes!
Growing medlar in Maine can be both rewarding and enjoyable for home gardeners looking for something unique. By following these guidelines on site selection, planting techniques, care, and harvesting methods, you will be well on your way to producing delicious medlars right from your backyard! With their resilience against disease and pests plus their distinctive flavor profile, it’s no wonder more people are cultivating this ancient fruit once again! Happy gardening!