Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus) is an extraordinary plant known for its vibrant flowers and edible leaves, making it a popular choice for gardeners around the world. In Alaska, with its unique climate and growing conditions, successfully cultivating nasturtium involves specific techniques. This article will provide you with the essential knowledge needed to grow thriving nasturtium plants in Alaska.
Nasturtiums are annual plants that can be grown as ground covers, climbing vines, or in pots. They are beloved for their round leaves and brightly colored flowers that typically bloom in shades of orange, red, and yellow. Aside from their beauty, nasturtiums are also edible; both the leaves and flowers have peppery flavors similar to arugula and can spice up salads and other dishes.
Alaska’s climate presents unique challenges for gardeners, primarily due to its short growing seasons, long daylight hours during summer months, and cooler temperatures. Nasturtiums thrive in cooler climates but require careful attention to timing and placement when grown in Alaska.
The growing season varies across different regions of Alaska. In Southern Alaska, the season may be around 90-120 days, while Northern areas may experience only 60-90 days before the first frost. It’s important to understand your local hardiness zone when planning your nasturtium garden.
There are numerous varieties of nasturtium available, including trailing types that work well in hanging baskets and compact types suitable for ground cover or container gardening. Consider these popular varieties for growing in Alaska:
Choosing the right variety tailored for your specific growing conditions will increase your chances of success.
Proper soil preparation is crucial for growing healthy nasturtiums. Here are some tips on preparing the soil:
Nasturtiums prefer well-drained soil enriched with organic matter. They thrive in slightly acidic to neutral pH levels (around 6.0 to 7.0). Sandy loam or loamy soils are ideal for their growth.
Before planting, amend your soil with compost or well-rotted manure to improve drainage and nutrient availability. Avoid excessive fertilizer as nasturtiums are known to flourish in poor soils; too much nitrogen can lead to lush foliage with fewer flowers.
Timing is critical when it comes to planting nasturtium seeds in Alaska:
Indoor Planting: For a head start, sow seeds indoors 4-6 weeks before the last expected frost. Use biodegradable pots filled with seed-starting mix.
Outdoor Planting: After the threat of frost has passed and soil temperatures reach at least 60°F (15°C), seeds can be sown directly outdoors. This typically occurs around late May to early June in most regions of Alaska.
Once your nasturtiums are planted, care is essential to ensure their growth:
Nasturtiums prefer moderate watering; they do not tolerate soggy soil. Water deeply but infrequently to encourage deep root growth. Allow the top inch of soil to dry between watering sessions.
Choose a location that receives full sun (at least 6 hours a day) for optimal growth and flower production. In areas with prolonged summer daylight hours like Alaska, even partial shade can work if temperatures exceed 85°F (29°C).
Encourage bushier growth by pinching back new growth as needed. Regular deadheading of spent flowers will promote more blooms throughout the season.
Although nasturtiums are relatively pest-resistant due to their peppery taste, they can still attract aphids and caterpillars:
Harvesting is one of the most delightful aspects of growing nasturtium:
The leaves can be picked once they reach about three inches in diameter. Younger leaves tend to have a milder flavor compared to older ones.
Flowers can be harvested when fully open but before they begin to wilt. Rinse them gently under cool water if necessary and store them in a damp paper towel inside an airtight container in the refrigerator.
As an annual plant, nasturtiums will die off with frost; however, you can save seeds for next year’s planting:
Growing nasturtium in Alaska can be both rewarding and enjoyable when done correctly. By understanding your local climate conditions, choosing suitable varieties, preparing your soil well, and providing proper care throughout the growing season, you can cultivate beautiful nasturtium plants that not only brighten your garden but also serve as delicious additions to your culinary creations. Embrace the unique challenges posed by Alaska’s environment, and let your gardening journey flourish alongside these charming plants!