Cultivating Flora

How to Grow Nasturtium in Colorado

Nasturtiums are vibrant, edible flowers that not only add beauty to gardens but also serve practical purposes in cooking and pest control. Growing nasturtium in Colorado can be a rewarding experience, especially given the state’s unique climate and soil conditions. This article will guide you through everything you need to know about cultivating nasturtium successfully in the Centennial State.

Understanding Nasturtium

Nasturtiums (Tropaeolum majus) are annual flowering plants native to South America. They are known for their bright orange, red, and yellow flowers and round, green leaves. In addition to their aesthetic appeal, nasturtiums are edible and have a peppery flavor reminiscent of arugula, making them a favorite among culinary enthusiasts.

Types of Nasturtium

There are several varieties of nasturtium, but the two most common types are:

  1. Trailing Nasturtium: Ideal for hanging baskets or ground cover, these plants produce long vines that spill over the edges of containers.
  2. Bush Nasturtium: More compact and bushy, this type is suitable for garden beds and smaller spaces.

Climate Considerations in Colorado

Colorado’s climate can be challenging for gardeners, with its wide temperature fluctuations, high altitude, and variable precipitation. However, nasturtiums are relatively hardy and can thrive in various conditions if correctly adapted.

Temperature

Nasturtiums prefer temperatures between 60°F and 75°F (15°C to 24°C). They can tolerate light frosts but grow best when planted after the last frost date in spring. In Colorado, this typically falls between late April and mid-May, depending on the specific location within the state.

Sunlight

Nasturtiums love sunlight! They thrive in full sun but can tolerate partial shade. However, too much shade may result in leggy growth and fewer blooms. Aim for at least six hours of direct sunlight per day for optimal growth.

Soil Conditions

Nasturtiums prefer well-draining soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH (6.0-7.0). While they can grow in poor soil conditions, rich compost can significantly enhance their growth and flowering potential.

Preparing Your Garden Bed

Before planting nasturtiums, prepare your garden bed with the following steps:

  1. Choose a Location: Select a sunny spot in your garden or choose containers if space is limited.
  2. Test Your Soil: Conduct a soil test to determine pH levels and nutrient content. This information will help you make necessary amendments.
  3. Amend the Soil: If your soil is heavy clay or lacks nutrients, amend it with compost or aged manure to improve drainage and fertility.
  4. Loosen the Soil: Use a garden fork or tiller to loosen the top 12 inches of soil, ensuring good root penetration.

Planting Nasturtium Seeds

Nasturtiums can be planted directly in the garden or started indoors before transplanting. Here’s how to do both:

Direct Sowing

  1. Timing: Wait until after the last frost date to plant seeds directly into the ground.
  2. Planting Depth: Sow seeds approximately ½ inch deep.
  3. Spacing: Space seeds about 10-12 inches apart for bush varieties; trailing types require more room.
  4. Watering: Water thoroughly after planting to encourage germination.

Starting Indoors

If you wish to get a head start on growing nasturtiums, consider starting them indoors:

  1. Seedlings: Start seeds indoors about four to six weeks before the last expected frost.
  2. Containers: Use seed trays or peat pots filled with seed-starting mix.
  3. Transplanting: Once seedlings have two sets of true leaves and outdoor temperatures consistently exceed 60°F at night, harden them off before transplanting them into your garden.

Care and Maintenance

Once your nasturtiums are established, they require minimal care but do benefit from some attention:

Watering

Nasturtiums prefer slightly dry conditions over overly wet soil. Water them regularly during dry spells but allow the soil’s top inch to dry out between watering sessions. Overwatering can lead to root rot.

Fertilizing

While they thrive in poor soils, applying a balanced organic fertilizer during early growth can promote lush foliage and abundant blooms. Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers as they may lead to excessive leaf growth at the expense of flowers.

Pest Control

Nasturtiums naturally repel certain pests like aphids and whiteflies due to their strong scent. However, keep an eye out for snails and slugs that may be attracted to their leaves:

Harvesting Nasturtium Flowers and Leaves

One of the primary joys of growing nasturtium is using its edible parts in cooking:

Always harvest in the morning after the dew has dried for optimal flavor and freshness.

Common Issues When Growing Nasturtium

While nasturtiums are generally easy to grow, some issues may arise:

Poor Growth or Legginess

If your plants appear leggy with sparse flowers, they may not be receiving enough sunlight or may be planted too closely together.

Powdery Mildew

This fungal disease often occurs in humid conditions or overcrowded plants. To prevent it:

Conclusion

Growing nasturtium in Colorado can be an enjoyable task that enhances both your garden’s beauty and your culinary endeavors. With proper planning and care, these vibrant flowers will thrive throughout the growing season, bringing color to your landscape while also serving as a delicious addition to your meals. Whether you’re planting them for their visual appeal or their edibility, nasturtiums promise an enriching gardening experience tailored perfectly for Colorado’s unique environment. Happy gardening!