Nasturtiums are vibrant, versatile plants that can enhance any garden with their cheerful blooms and edible leaves. With their ability to thrive in a variety of conditions, they are particularly well-suited for the climate of New Hampshire. This article will guide you through the process of growing nasturtiums, from selecting the right variety to tips for maintenance and pest control.
Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus) is a member of the Brassicaceae family, which includes other plants like cabbage and mustard. Native to Central and South America, these plants are renowned for their bright flowers, which range in color from deep reds to sunny yellows and oranges. Beyond aesthetics, nasturtiums are also valued for their peppery-flavored leaves and flowers, which can be used in salads, garnishes, and even as a natural pest deterrent.
When selecting nasturtium varieties to grow in New Hampshire, consider both the growth habit and the desired aesthetic:
Nasturtiums prefer well-draining soil that is slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6.0 to 7.0). They thrive in poor to moderately fertile soil, making them ideal for locations where many other plants may struggle. Heavy, nutrient-rich soils can lead to excessive foliage growth at the expense of blooms.
These plants love sunlight! Aim for a location that receives at least 6 hours of full sun per day. However, in the heat of New Hampshire summers, some afternoon shade can help prevent wilting.
Nasturtiums are sensitive to frost. In New Hampshire, the best time to plant them is after the last frost date, typically around mid-May. They thrive in temperatures ranging from 60°F to 75°F.
For optimal growth in New Hampshire’s climate:
Before planting, soak seeds overnight in water to help soften their hard outer shell. This can speed up germination time.
Plant seeds about ½ inch deep and space them roughly 12 inches apart. For trailing varieties, allow more space so they have room to spread.
Nasturtiums require consistent moisture but do not like “wet feet.” Water them regularly but ensure that the soil drains well. A good rule of thumb is to water when the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch.
Due to their preference for poorer soils, fertilization should be minimal. If your soil is severely depleted of nutrients, use a diluted liquid fertilizer once every few weeks during the growing season. However, avoid over-fertilizing as this can lead to lush foliage with fewer flowers.
While nasturtiums generally attract beneficial insects, they can attract pests like aphids and whiteflies. Here are some tips for managing pests:
To encourage continued blooming throughout the summer months:
If you’re growing trailing varieties, consider providing trellising or support structures for them to climb on. This not only enhances visual appeal but also helps keep leaves dry, reducing fungal infections.
You can start harvesting leaves and flowers once they’re established—usually about 6-8 weeks after planting. To maintain plant health and vigor:
Once autumn arrives and temperatures start dropping:
Beyond their ornamental beauty and culinary uses, nasturtiums have other appealing traits:
Growing nasturtiums in New Hampshire is rewarding thanks to their adaptability and striking appearance. With minimal care requirements and various uses—from culinary delights to pest control—these charming plants will bring color and function into your garden space. By following these guidelines on planting, caring for, and utilizing nasturtium plants effectively, you’ll be well on your way to enjoying this delightful addition to your gardening endeavors!