Periwinkle, also known as Vinca, is a popular flowering perennial that thrives in various climates, making it a great choice for gardens in Arkansas. Known for its vibrant blue and purple flowers and glossy green leaves, periwinkle can add a splash of color to your landscape while being relatively easy to grow. This article will guide you through the essential steps to successfully cultivate periwinkle in the Natural State.
There are two main species of periwinkle commonly grown in gardens:
Vinca minor – Also known as lesser periwinkle, this species is a low-growing ground cover that grows about 6-12 inches tall. It features trailing stems that can spread widely and is known for its ability to tolerate shade.
Vinca major – Often referred to as greater periwinkle, this variety grows taller (up to 24 inches) and has larger flowers and leaves compared to Vinca minor. While it also serves as ground cover, it may require more space due to its larger size.
In Arkansas, both types can thrive well depending on the specific growing conditions.
Periwinkle is known for its adaptability but does have specific needs:
Understanding these conditions will help you create the perfect habitat for your periwinkle.
To ensure your periwinkle flourishes, proper site preparation is essential.
Select a location in your garden that receives partial sunlight. If planting under trees or shrubs, ensure there’s enough light filtering through the leaves.
Test the Soil: Before planting, it’s wise to test your soil’s pH and nutrient levels. A pH of 6.0 to 7.0 is ideal for periwinkle.
Amend the Soil: If your soil is heavy clay or sandy, amend it with organic matter such as compost or well-rotted manure to improve drainage and nutrient availability.
Tilling: Use a garden tiller or shovel to loosen the soil to a depth of at least 12 inches. This helps roots establish themselves more easily.
Ensure good drainage by avoiding areas prone to standing water. If necessary, create raised beds or mounds where you will plant your periwinkle.
The best time to plant periwinkle in Arkansas is during the spring after the last frost or in early fall. This allows enough time for roots to establish before extreme temperatures set in.
Spacing: Space plants approximately 12 to 36 inches apart depending on whether you’re planting Vinca minor or Vinca major.
Digging Holes: Dig holes that are twice as wide as the root ball but no deeper than the ball itself.
Planting Depth: Place each plant in its hole at the same depth it was growing before transplanting.
Backfill and Water: Fill around the roots with soil and water thoroughly after planting to eliminate air pockets.
Providing proper care will significantly enhance your periwinkle’s growth and flowering potential.
During the first few weeks after planting, keep the soil consistently moist but not soggy. After establishment, periwinkles are relatively drought-tolerant but will benefit from regular watering during prolonged dry spells.
To promote healthy growth:
Applying a layer of mulch around your plants can help maintain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature. Organic mulches like shredded bark or straw are ideal choices.
Periodic pruning helps keep periwinkle looking tidy:
Periwinkles are generally resistant to pests and diseases but can occasionally face challenges.
Aphids: These small insects suck sap from plants but can be managed with insecticidal soap.
Spider Mites: Look for webbing on leaves; treat infestations with neem oil or insecticidal soap.
Root Rot: Caused by overwatering or poorly draining soil; improve drainage if symptoms arise.
Powdery Mildew: Occurs in humid conditions; ensure adequate air circulation around plants and avoid overhead watering.
Propagating periwinkle is straightforward and can be done through cuttings or division.
Take stem cuttings (4-6 inches long) from healthy plants in early summer.
Remove lower leaves and dip cut ends into rooting hormone.
Plant cuttings in a pot filled with moist potting mix and cover with plastic until rooted.
Every 2-3 years, you can divide mature plants:
Carefully dig up clumps of periwinkle.
Use a sharp spade to separate sections while ensuring each has roots attached.
Replant immediately at the same depth as before.
Growing periwinkle in Arkansas can be a rewarding experience due to its vibrant flowers and versatile nature as a ground cover plant. By understanding its growing conditions, preparing your planting site properly, providing ongoing care, and managing pests, you can create an eye-catching landscape feature that thrives for years to come. Whether you opt for Vinca minor or Vinca major—or both—you’ll enjoy their beauty while contributing positively to local biodiversity by supporting pollinators that frequent these lovely blooms. Happy gardening!