Rhubarb, often referred to as a vegetable but commonly used as a fruit, is a hardy perennial plant that thrives in cooler climates. For gardening enthusiasts in Washington State, rhubarb can be a rewarding addition to your garden, offering vibrant stalks that are perfect for pies, jams, and other culinary delights. This guide will provide you with everything you need to know about growing rhubarb in Washington, from selecting the right variety to harvesting your crop.
Rhubarb (Rheum rhabarbarum) is a perennial plant that can live for several years if properly cared for. It is prized for its tart flavor and vibrant red and green stalks. While the leaves of the plant are toxic due to high levels of oxalic acid, the stalks are safe and delicious when cooked. Rhubarb is often one of the first crops ready for harvest in spring, making it a favorite among gardeners.
When growing rhubarb, it’s essential to select the right variety that suits your climate and taste preferences. In Washington State, common varieties include:
Consider trying more than one variety to diversify your harvest and discover which ones you enjoy most.
The best time to plant rhubarb in Washington is in early spring or fall. If planting in spring, aim for early March through April; if planting in fall, late September to early October is ideal. Ensure that the soil temperature is consistently above 45°F (7°C) before planting.
Rhubarb prefers full sun but can tolerate partial shade. Choose a location that receives at least six hours of sunlight daily. Additionally, ensure good drainage to prevent root rot; elevated beds or well-drained garden plots work best.
Before planting rhubarb, prepare the soil by incorporating organic matter such as compost or well-rotted manure. Rhubarb thrives in rich, loamy soil with a pH between 5.5 and 7.0. Test your soil’s pH and amend it as necessary with lime or sulfur to achieve the desired acidity.
Planting Crowns: Rhubarb is typically grown from crowns (the root structure). Dig a hole about 12 inches deep and wide enough to accommodate the crown without crowding its roots.
Spacing: Space the crowns about 3 feet apart to allow ample room for their large leaves and roots.
Planting Depth: Place the crown so that the top is about 1-2 inches below the soil surface. Cover with soil and water thoroughly.
Mulching: Apply a layer of mulch around the base of each plant to conserve moisture and suppress weeds.
Maintaining consistent moisture is vital during the growing season. Water deeply once a week or more frequently during hot spells. Avoid overwatering, as this can lead to root rot.
To promote healthy growth, fertilize rhubarb plants annually in early spring with a balanced fertilizer (such as 10-10-10) or organic options like compost or well-rotted manure. Be cautious not to over-fertilize, which can lead to excessive leaf growth at the expense of stalk development.
Regular weeding around your rhubarb plants will help reduce competition for nutrients and moisture. Hand-pull weeds or use mulch to keep them at bay without harming the delicate rhubarb roots.
Rhubarb is generally resistant to pests but can occasionally face challenges such as aphids or crown rot. Monitor your plants regularly:
Additionally, watch for any signs of disease such as leaf spot or rust disease; promptly remove affected leaves and practice crop rotation each year.
Rhubarb should not be harvested during its first year of growth; allow it time to establish itself fully. In subsequent years, harvest begins when stalks reach about 12 inches long—typically in late spring (May through June).
To harvest rhubarb:
After harvesting, continue caring for your rhubarb plants by providing sufficient water and nutrients so they can recover quickly before winter dormancy sets in.
In Washington’s milder winters, rhubarb typically doesn’t require extensive winter protection; however, applying a layer of mulch can help insulate roots and retain moisture during dry spells. As winter progresses, leave spent leaves on the plant until spring; they will protect against freezing temperatures while providing natural mulch.
Growing rhubarb in Washington can be an enjoyable gardening endeavor with delicious rewards! By selecting appropriate varieties, providing optimal conditions during planting and care phases, maintaining vigilance against pests and diseases, and mastering harvesting techniques, you’ll soon be able to enjoy homemade pies filled with this tangy delight. Whether you’re an experienced gardener or just starting out, rhubarb offers a unique opportunity to grow something truly special in your backyard garden.