How to Grow Cilantro in Oregon

Growing cilantro can be a rewarding endeavor, especially in the diverse climate of Oregon. With its vibrant green leaves and unique flavor, cilantro is a popular herb used in various dishes, from salsa to curries. In this guide, we’ll explore everything you need to know about growing cilantro successfully in Oregon, including planting tips, care strategies, and troubleshooting common issues.

Understanding Cilantro

Cilantro, also known as coriander (Coriandrum sativum), is an annual herb that thrives in temperate climates. Its leaves are commonly used in culinary applications, while its seeds are referred to as coriander spice. The plant grows best in cooler weather, making it ideal for Oregon’s spring and fall seasons.

Choosing the Right Variety

While there are several varieties of cilantro available, most gardeners choose either the flat-leaf or the curly-leaf type. The flat-leaf variety is generally preferred for culinary uses due to its robust flavor and ease of harvesting. When selecting seeds, look for those that are specifically recommended for Oregon’s climate.

When to Plant Cilantro in Oregon

Cilantro is sensitive to heat and tends to bolt (go to seed) quickly when temperatures rise. Therefore, timing your planting is crucial.

Spring Planting

In most parts of Oregon, cilantro can be planted as early as mid-March or when the soil temperature reaches about 50°F (10°C). Sow seeds about half an inch deep and space them approximately 6-12 inches apart in well-draining soil. This timing allows for a bountiful harvest before the heat of summer sets in.

Fall Planting

For a fall harvest, seeds should be sown in late summer, around August or September. This planting schedule allows the cilantro to grow during the cooler months of early fall before temperatures drop too low. Ensure that you provide adequate protection if frost threatens.

Selecting the Right Location

Cilantro prefers full sun but can tolerate partial shade, particularly during the hottest parts of summer. When choosing a location for your cilantro garden, consider the following factors:

• Sunlight: Aim for at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily.
• Soil Quality: Well-draining soil rich in organic matter is ideal. You can amend your soil with compost to improve drainage and fertility.
• Protection from Wind: Cilantro plants can become top-heavy and may need some protection from strong winds.

Soil Preparation

Before planting your cilantro seeds, it’s essential to prepare the soil properly:

1. Test Your Soil: Conduct a soil test to check pH levels and nutrient content. Cilantro thrives best in slightly acidic to neutral pH levels (6.0 to 7.0).
2. Amend the Soil: If your soil is lacking nutrients, incorporate organic matter like compost or well-rotted manure into the top 6-8 inches.
3. Tilling: Turn the soil with a garden fork or tiller to aerate it and break up any compacted areas.

Sowing Seeds

Sowing cilantro seeds can be done directly into the garden bed or started indoors and then transplanted outdoors:

Direct Sowing

1. Spacing: Sow seeds about half an inch deep with a spacing of 6-12 inches between each seed.
2. Watering: Water gently after sowing to help settle the seeds into the soil without displacing them.
3. Thin Seedlings: Once seedlings emerge and reach about 2 inches tall, thin them out so that they have adequate space for growth.

Indoor Starting

If you prefer starting your cilantro indoors:

1. Use biodegradable pots to minimize transplant shock.
2. Plant seeds about half an inch deep in seed-starting mix.
3. Transplant seedlings outdoors after they have developed at least two true leaves and when outdoor conditions are favorable.

Caring for Your Cilantro Plants

Once your cilantro is growing, proper care will ensure healthy plants and a flavorful harvest.

Watering

Cilantro requires consistent moisture but does not like to sit in waterlogged soil:

• Water deeply once or twice a week, allowing the top inch of soil to dry out between waterings.
• Avoid wetting the foliage when possible to prevent diseases.

Fertilizing

Fertilization needs are generally low for cilantro:

• Use an all-purpose organic fertilizer at planting time.
• Apply additional fertilizer every few weeks during the growing season if needed.

Pests and Diseases

While cilantro is relatively resilient, watch out for common pests like aphids and spider mites:

• Regularly inspect your plants for signs of infestation.
• Use insecticidal soap or neem oil if necessary.

Diseases such as downy mildew can also affect cilantro:

• Ensure good air circulation around plants by avoiding overcrowding.
• Remove any infected foliage promptly to minimize spread.

Harvesting Cilantro

One of the most exciting parts of growing cilantro is harvesting it!

Timing Your Harvest

You can begin harvesting leaves as soon as they reach 4-6 inches tall. The best time to pick is early in the morning when moisture levels are highest:

1. Choose Leaves: Snip off outer leaves first; this encourages further growth.
2. Avoid Over-Harvesting: Never remove more than one-third of the plant at once; this helps maintain its vitality.

Saving Seeds

If you wish to save coriander seeds for culinary use or replanting:

1. Allow some plants to bolt naturally.
2. Once flowers have dried on the plant, collect seed heads before they open fully.
3. Store seeds in a cool, dark place until ready for use.

Troubleshooting Common Issues

Despite your best efforts, you may encounter challenges while growing cilantro in Oregon:

Bolting

If your cilantro plants start flowering prematurely:

• Move them into partial shade during hot spells.
• Ensure they receive enough water consistently.

Leaf Discoloration

Yellowing leaves may indicate nutrient deficiencies or overwatering:

• Check your watering schedule and adjust as needed.
• Consider applying a balanced fertilizer if nutrient deficiency is suspected.

Fungal Diseases

To prevent fungal diseases such as powdery mildew:

• Practice crop rotation.
• Avoid overhead watering and ensure proper spacing between plants.

Conclusion

Growing cilantro in Oregon can be an enjoyable experience that enhances both your gardening skills and culinary endeavors. With proper planning regarding planting times, care techniques, and attention to detail in managing pests and diseases, you can cultivate a thriving crop of this flavorful herb right in your backyard.

Utilize these tips throughout your growing season to ensure a bumper crop that will add freshness and zest to your meals! Happy gardening!